Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) |
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Dec. 31, 2016 | |||||||||
| Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] | |||||||||
| Principles of Consolidation |
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly owned. The Metals Segment is comprised of three subsidiaries: Synalloy Metals, Inc. which owns 100 percent of BRISMET, located in Bristol, Tennessee; Palmer, located in Andrews, Texas and Specialty, located in Mineral Ridge, Ohio and Houston, Texas. The Specialty Chemicals Segment consists of two subsidiaries: Manufacturers Soap and Chemical Company which owns 100 percent of MC, located in Cleveland, Tennessee and CRI Tolling, located in Fountain Inn, South Carolina. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated.
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| Accounting Period |
Accounting Period
On December 31, 2015, the Company elected to change its fiscal year from a 52-53 week year ending the Saturday nearest to December 31 to a calendar year ending December 31 effective with fiscal year 2015. The Company made this change prospectively and did not adjust operating results for prior periods. Fiscal year 2016 and 2015 ended on December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, having 52 weeks. Fiscal year 2014 ended on January 3, 2015 having 53 weeks.
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| Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash balances at financial institutions with strong credit ratings.
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| Accounts Receivable |
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable from the sale of products are recorded at net realizable value and the Company generally grants credit to customers on an unsecured basis. Substantially all of the Company's accounts receivable are due from companies located throughout the United States. The Company provides an allowance for doubtful collections for projected uncollectable amounts. The allowance is based upon a review of outstanding receivables, historical collection information and existing economic conditions. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers' financial condition and generally does not require collateral. Receivables are generally due within 30 to 60 days. Delinquent receivables are written off based on individual credit evaluations and specific circumstances of the customer.
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| Inventories |
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined by either specific identification or weighted average methods.
Inventory cost is adjusted when its net realizable value is estimated to be below estimated selling price. At the end of each quarter, all facilities review recent sales reports to identify sales price trends that would indicate products or product lines that are being sold below cost. This would indicate that an adjustment would be required. Adjustments were required by our Metals Segment for the years ended December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, mainly due to decreases in nickel prices. Stainless steel, both in its raw material (coil or plate) or finished goods (pipe) state is purchased / sold using a base price plus an additional surcharge which is dependent on current nickel prices. As raw materials are purchased, it is priced to the Company based upon the surcharge at that date. When the finished pipe is ultimately sold to the customer approximately five months later, the then-current nickel surcharge is used to determine the proper selling prices. An adjustment is recorded when the Company's inventory cost, based upon a historical nickel price, is greater than the current selling price of that product due to a reduction in the nickel surcharge. A $43,000 and $1,237,000 adjustment was required at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, for reductions in nickel surcharge. At December 31, 2016, an adjustment of $93,000 was required by our storage tank facility as lower demand for oil and gas products caused selling prices to fall below inventory cost for certain tanks. No reserve was required at our storage tank facility at December 31, 2015.
The Company establishes inventory reserves for:
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| Property, Plant and Equipment |
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is provided on the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the assets. Land improvements and buildings are depreciated over a range of ten years to 40 years, and machinery, fixtures and equipment are depreciated over a range of three to 20 years. The costs of software licenses are amortized over five years using the straight-line method. The Company continually reviews the recoverability of the carrying value of long-lived assets. The Company also reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. When the future undiscounted cash flows of the operation to which the assets relate do not exceed the carrying value of the asset, the assets are written down to fair value.
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| Business Combinations |
Business Combinations
Acquisitions are accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP"). Under this method, the total consideration transferred to consummate the acquisition is allocated to the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values as of the closing date of the acquisition. The acquisition method of accounting requires extensive use of estimates and judgments to allocate the consideration transferred to the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired, if any, and liabilities assumed.
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| Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Deferred Charges |
Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Deferred Charges
Goodwill, arising from the excess of purchase price over fair value of net assets of businesses acquired, is not amortized but is reviewed annually, at the reporting unit level, in the fourth quarter for impairment and whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.
The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment by performing a qualitative evaluation and a two-step quantitative test, if required, which involves comparing the estimated fair value, based on a discounted cash flow model, of the associated reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. The Company performed the step zero qualitative test during the fourth quarter of 2016 which resulted in no goodwill impairment for the year ended December 31, 2016. For the fourth quarter of 2015 the Company performed the two-step quantitative test and recorded an impairment charge of approximately $17,158,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015. See Note 4 for further details on the Company's evaluation of goodwill impairment.
Intangible assets represent the fair value of intellectual, non-physical assets resulting from business acquisitions. Deferred charges represent other intangible assets and debt issuance costs for the year ended December 31, 2016 as the Company had no term debt outstanding. For the year ended December 31, 2015, unamortized debt issuance costs are included in long term debt. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives using either an accelerated or straight-line method. Debt issuance costs are amortized on a weighted average basis utilizing the outstanding balance for each debt facility. Other deferred charges are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method. Deferred charges are amortized over a period ranging from three to ten years and intangible assets are amortized over a period ranging from eight to 15 years. The weighted average amortization period for the customer relationships is approximately twelve years. Deferred charges and intangible assets totaled $20,708,000 and $20,572,000 at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Accumulated amortization of deferred charges and intangible assets as of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 totaled $8,253,000 and $5,775,000, respectively. Estimated amortization expense for the next five fiscal years based on existing deferred charges and intangible assets is: 2017 - $2,393,000, 2018 - $2,228,000, 2019 - $2,056,000; 2020 - $1,897,000; 2021 - $1,807,000; and thereafter - $2,074,000.
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| Revenue Recognition |
Revenue Recognition
Revenue from product sales is recognized at the time ownership of goods transfers to the customer and the earnings process is complete, which is typically on the date the inventory is shipped to the customer.
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| Shipping Costs |
Shipping Costs
Shipping costs of approximately $4,488,000, $5,155,000 and $5,705,000 in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, are recorded in cost of goods sold.
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| Research and Development Expenses |
Research and Development Expenses
The Company incurred research and development expense of approximately $603,000, $548,000 and $531,000 in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
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| Income Tax, Policy |
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing accounts and their respective tax basis and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in fiscal years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets unless it is more likely than not that such assets will be realized.
Additionally, the Company maintains reserves for uncertain tax provisions in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 740. See Note 10 for more information.
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| Earnings Per Share of Common Stock |
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock
Earnings per share of common stock are computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each period; see Note 14.
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| Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Fair Value Disclosures |
Fair Market Value
The Company makes estimates of fair value in accounting for certain transactions, in testing and measuring impairment and in providing disclosures of fair value in its consolidated financial statements. The Company determines the fair values of its financial instruments for disclosure purposes by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Fair value disclosures for assets and liabilities are grouped in three levels. The levels prioritize the inputs used to measure the fair value of the assets or liabilities. These levels are:
Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for assets and liabilities, either directly or indirectly. These inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are less active.
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity for assets or liabilities and includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques.
Estimates of fair value using levels 2 and 3 may require judgments as to the timing and amount of cash flows, discount rates and other factors requiring significant judgment, and the outcomes may vary widely depending on the selection of these assumptions. The Company's most significant fair value estimates relate to purchase accounting adjustments which included the measurement of earn-out liabilities, estimating the fair value of the reporting units in testing goodwill for impairment, estimating the fair value of the interest rate swaps and providing disclosures of the fair values of financial instruments.
Financial instruments, such as cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and the credit facility revolver are stated at their carrying value, which is a reasonable estimate of fair value; see Note 2.
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| Use of Estimates |
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions, primarily for testing goodwill for impairment, determining proper period-end balances for certain employee benefit accruals, estimating fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed as a result of business acquisitions and for establishing reserves on accounts receivable, inventories and environmental issues, that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
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| Concentrations of Credit Risk |
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash deposits and trade accounts receivable.
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| Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
Recent accounting pronouncements
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)", which changes the criteria for recognizing revenue. The standard requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The standard requires a five-step process for recognizing revenue including identifying the contract with the customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and recognizing revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. Two transition methods are available for implementing the requirements of ASU 2014-09: retrospectively for each prior reporting period presented or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initial application recognized at the date of initial application. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations," to improve the operability and understandability of the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations. In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing," to clarify guidance for identifying performance obligations and licensing implementation. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients," to clarify and improve the guidance for certain aspects of Topic 606. ASU 2015-14, "Deferral of the Effective Date," defers the required implementation date of ASU 2014-09 for public business entities from annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The company plans to adopt the new guidance in the first quarter of 2018 and is currently assessing when and which method it will choose for adoption, and is evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated results of operations and financial position.
In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, "Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis," which modifies the consolidation model for reporting organizations under both the variable interest model and the voting interest model. The ASU is generally expected to reduce the number of situations where consolidation was required; however, in certain circumstances, the ASU may result in companies consolidating entities previously unconsolidated. The ASU requires all legal entities to re-evaluate previous consolidation conclusions under the revised model and is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Effective January 1, 2016, the Company adopted the provisions of this ASU. There was no effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, "Interest - Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs," which changes the presentation of debt issuance costs. This ASU requires debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. Previously, capitalized debt issuance costs were presented as an asset on the consolidated balance sheets. ASU 2015-03 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015. In June 2015, the FASB issued 2015-15, "Interest - Imputation of Interest," to address the presentation of debt issuance costs related to line of credit arrangements to be presented as an asset and amortizing the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line of credit arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the line of credit arrangement. Effective January 1, 2016, the Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2015-03 and ASU 2015-15 and there was no material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements. As a result of implementation, the Company reclassified unamortized debt issuance costs from "Deferred charges, net and other non-current assets" to "Long-term debt, less unamortized debt issuance costs" on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015. At December 31, 2016, as the Company had no term debt outstanding, the debt issuance costs for the current revolving line of credit are presented as "Deferred charges, net and other non-current assets" on the consolidated balance sheet. Also, amortization expense originally recorded as "Selling, general and administrative expenses" related to debt acquisition costs for the twelve-month periods ending December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was reclassified as "Interest expense" on the consolidated statements of operations.
In July 2015, the FASB issued 2015-11, "Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory," which reduces the cost and complexity of accounting for inventory. This ASU requires an entity measure inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. Subsequent measurement is unchanged for inventory measured using LIFO or the retail inventory method. ASU 2015-11 is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company elected to early adopt the provisions of this ASU in the quarterly period ending September 30, 2016. The implementation of this ASU did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16, "Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Measurement-Period Adjustments," which requires an acquirer recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. This ASU requires the acquirer record, in the same period's financial statements, the effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization, or other income effects, if any, as a result of the change to the provisional amounts calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The amendments in this ASU also require an entity to present separately on the face of the income statement or disclose in the notes the portion of the amount recorded in current-period earnings by line item that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the adjustment to the provisional amounts had been recognized as of the acquisition date. Effective January 1, 2016, the Company adopted the provisions of this ASU. There was no effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” to increase the transparency and comparability of lease recognition and disclosure. The update requires lessees to recognize lease contracts with a term greater than one year on the balance sheet, while recognizing expenses on the income statement in a manner similar to current guidance. For lessors, the update makes targeted changes to the classification criteria and the lessor accounting model to align the guidance with the new lessee model and revenue guidance. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and must be applied using the modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. While the Company expects ASU 2016-02 to add material right-of-use assets and lease liabilities to the consolidated balance sheets, it is evaluating other effects that the new standard will have on the consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, "Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting." The amendments in this updated guidance include changes to simplify the Codification for several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company did not elect to early adopt the provisions of this ASU and is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2016-09 will have on its consolidated financial statements.
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