Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Income Taxes

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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax of multiple state jurisdictions. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal examinations for years before 2015 or state examinations for years before 2014. During the first three months of 2021 and 2020, the Company did not identify nor reserve for any unrecognized tax benefits.

Our income tax provision (benefit) and overall effective tax rates for the periods presented are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands) 2021 2020
Income tax provision (benefit) $ 241  $ (1,380)
Effective income tax rate 18.1  % 54.0  %

The effective tax rate was 18.1% and 54.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The March 31, 2021 effective tax rate was lower than the U.S. statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to a reduction in the valuation allowance in the current period. The March 31, 2020 effective tax rate was higher than the statutory rate of 21.0% due to discrete tax benefits on our stock compensation plan and estimated tax benefits associated with the Coronavirus, Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") which was signed into law on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act included various income and payroll tax provisions, notably, enabling the Company to carry back net operating losses and recover taxes paid in prior years.